ABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as características do teste do pezinho dos neonatos atendidos na unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital universitário, bem como verificar se existiam condições maternas e fetais que pudessem interferir no resultado desse exame. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo longitudinal de abordagem quantitativa que avaliou 240 prontuários médicos. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: Houve predomínio de gestantes com idades entre 20 a 34 anos, com Ensino Médio completo e que realizaram mais de seis consultas pré-natais. As intercorrências ou patologias maternas ocorreram em 60% das mães, e a maioria (67,5%) não apresentou nenhuma condição que pudesse interferir no resultado do teste do pezinho. A maioria dos neonatos era prematura e exibiu baixo peso ao nascimento. Cerca de 90% dos neonatos exibiram condições que poderiam influenciar no exame, principalmente prematuridade, nutrição parenteral e transfusão sanguínea. Dos 240 neonatos, 25% apresentaram resultado alterado no teste do pezinho, sobretudo para fibrose cística e hiperplasia adrenal congênita. Conclusão: Existem condições maternas e neonatais que podem interferir no teste do pezinho e, nesse sentido, sua investigação é imprescindível, visando direcionar ações que promovam a saúde materno-infantil e consolidem a triagem neonatal nessa população.
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the characteristics of the heel prick test in newborns admitted to the intensive care unit of a university hospital as well as to determine whether maternal and fetal conditions could have affected the results of this test. Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study with a quantitative approach that evaluated 240 medical records. The data collected were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis. Results: There was a predominance of pregnant women aged 20 to 34 years who had a complete secondary education and who had more than six prenatal care visits. Maternal complications or pathologies occurred in 60% of the mothers, and most (67.5%) did not present any condition that could have affected the heel prick test results. Most newborns were premature and exhibited low birth weight. Approximately 90% of newborns exhibited conditions that could have influenced the test, especially prematurity, parenteral nutrition and blood transfusion. Of the 240 newborns, 25% had abnormal heel prick test results, especially for cystic fibrosis and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Conclusion: There are maternal and neonatal conditions that can affect heel prick test results, and therefore, their investigation is essential, aiming to guide measures that promote mother and child health and consolidate neonatal screening in this population.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Pregnancy Complications/epidemiology , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Neonatal Screening/methods , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis , Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Premature , Heel , Retrospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiologyABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: investigar o conhecimento e a adesão do uso dos equipamentos de proteção individual pelas equipes de Enfermagem das estratégias de saúde da família. MÉTODO: estudo descritivo, transversal de abordagem quantitativa. Participaram 48 profissionais. Foi aplicado questionário semiestruturado, contendo questões fechadas de múltipla escolha. RESULTADOS: ficou evidente o conhecimento dos profissionais sobre o que é risco ocupacional. Houve conhecimento equivocado quanto à definição de riscos biológicos; 75% dos entrevistados não souberam associar os agentes aos tipos de riscos. A maioria relatou utilizar os equipamentos de proteção individual em todos os procedimentos; 13 profissionais referiram ter sofrido acidente de trabalho, sendo que quatro deles não estavam utilizando equipamentos de proteção. CONCLUSÃO: conhecimento parcial acerca da temática e adesão ao uso dos equipamentos, entretanto, os mais utilizados foram jaleco e luva. Sendo assim, é necessário realizar educação permanente para incentivar os profissionais a utilizarem os equipamentos na prática profissional.(AU)
Objective: to investigate the knowledge and adhesion to the use of personal protective equipment by the Nursing teams of the family health strategies. Method: a descriptive and cross-sectional study of quantitative approach. 48 professionals participated. A semi-structured questionnaire containing multiple-choice closed questions was applied. Results: the knowledge of the professionals about the occupational risk was evident. There was a misconception about the definition of biological risks; 75% of the respondents could not associate the agents with the types of risks. Most reported using personal protective equipment in all procedures; 13 professionals reported having suffered an occupational accident, and four of them were not wearing protective equipment. Conclusion: partial knowledge about the theme and adherence to the use of the equipment; however, the most used were lab coats and gloves. Thus, continuing education is necessary to encourage the professionals to use the equipment in the professional practice.(AU)
Objetivo: investigar el conocimiento y la adherencia del personal de enfermería de estrategias de salud familiar al uso de equipos de protección personal. Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal de enfoque cuantitativo. Participaron 48 profesionales. Se aplicó un cuestionario semiestructurado con preguntas cerradas de opción múltiple. Resultados: se constató el conocimiento de los profesionales sobre el riesgo laboral. Hubo error al definir los riesgos biológicos; el 75% de los encuestados no supieron asociar los agentes con los tipos de riesgos. La mayoría informó haber usado equipo de protección personal en todos los procedimientos; 13 profesionales informaron haber sufrido algún accidente laboral y cuatro comunicaron que no estaban usando equipo de protección en ese momento. Conclusión: conocimiento parcial sobre el tema y adherencia al uso del equipo, sin embargo, los más utilizados fueron delantal y guantes. Por lo tanto, la educación continua es necesaria para alentar a los profesionales a usar el equipo en la práctica profesional.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Occupational Risks , Personal Protective Equipment , Nursing, Team , Occupational Health Nursing , Occupational HealthABSTRACT
Abstract This work aimed to characterize mortality by sickle cell disease in Brazil. The MEDLINE electronic database was searched using the terms ‘mortality' and ‘sickle cell disease' and ‘Brazil' for articles published in the last five years aiming to provide a current analysis of the subject in question. Eight studies on mortality by sickle cell disease were carried out in the Brazilian states of Maranhão, Bahia, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and Mato Grosso do Sul. The majority of the deaths occurred in patients with sickle cell anemia, which is the most common genotype and causes the most severe clinical manifestation of the disease. In summary, there are few published studies on mortality related to sickle cell disease in Brazil, and most are from the state of Minas Gerais. This study emphasizes the importance of developing more studies on sickle cell disease mortality, so that it may be possible to profile gene carriers and give health professionals more data to strategize the delivery of more effective assistance to these individuals. Despite the early diagnosis of sickle cell disease by the Neonatal Screening Program and the use of preventive and therapeutic measures (penicillin, immunization and hydroxyurea), mortality by sickle cell disease on the world stage is still significant.